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Pigmentary disorders

Find out more about common and rare skin conditions, the causes and symptoms and how we can help you treat these conditions

Pigmentary Disorder

Causes & Symptoms

Pigmentary Disorders are conditions that affect the colour of the skin, hair or eyes. They involve either an increase (hyperpigmentation) or decrease (hypopigmentation) in the production or distribution of melanin.

These disorders can be hereditary or acquired and may manifest locally throughout the body.

Causes of pigmentary disorders include:

  • Genetic factors: some disorders, like albinism, are inherited
  • Hormonal changes: melasma is often linked to hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy or with hormone replacement therapy
  • Sun exposure: excessive sun exposure can trigger or worsen hyperpigmentation disorders like solar lentigines and melasma
  • Inflammation and injury: skin inflammation from acne or eczema can lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
  • Autoimmune conditions: vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder that affects melanin production
  • Medical conditions: some medical conditions like Addison’s disease can cause skin discolouration

Common types of pigmentary disorders include, but are not limited to:

  • Vitiligo
  • Albinism
  • Melasma
  • Port Wine Stains

Treatment

Diagnosing pigmentary disorders typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and sometimes a skin biopsy.

Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and severity and may include:

  • Topical creams
  • Light or laser therapy
  • Chemical peels
  • Other procedures

Note, pigmentary disorders can be particularly challenging in darker skin types as hyperpigmentation can be more pronounces and cosmetically distressing.

DermNet NZ The Australasian College of Dermatologists
Pigmentary disorders

Find a specialist

We have a number of Dermatologist specialising in pigmentary disorders. If you are concerned, book your appointment with The Skin Hospital.

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